Preheat oven to 350°F. Place the butter in an 8-inch, 9-inch, or 10-inch cast iron skillet (or an 8-inch or 9-inch baking dish, or another pan with about a 2-quart capacity). Heat the skillet in the oven until the butter melts, about 4-5 minutes.
In a small bowl, toss together the strawberries and the warm jam. Let stand for about 10 minutes. Drain well.
In a medium bowl, whisk together self-rising flour and granulated sugar. Whisk in buttermilk, vanilla extract, and almond extract until smooth.
Pour batter into the buttered skillet or dish (do not stir the batter into the melted butter).
Arrange the strawberries on top of the batter. Place the dish on top of a rimmed baking sheet in case any juices or batter bubble over.
Bake until golden brown, about 40-45 minutes. Sprinkle with confectioners’ sugar, or serve warm with vanilla ice cream or freshly whipped cream.