Melt butter in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Add the onion, carrots, celery, and beef. Break up the meat with a wooden spoon. Cook for 5-7 minutes, or until the meat is no longer pink and the vegetables are soft.
Stir in the tomato paste, garlic, oregano, and red pepper flakes; cook for 1 more minute.
Add red wine to the pot and stir, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot.
Add crushed tomatoes, 2 teaspoons of kosher salt, ½ teaspoon of ground black pepper, and 1 teaspoon of sugar. Stir to combine.
Bring to a boil; reduce the heat to low, and allow the sauce to simmer (uncovered) for about 15-20 minutes, or until it reduces and thickens slightly.
While the sauce simmers, cook the pasta according to package instructions.
As the pasta is cooking, stir the basil leaves and cream into the sauce. Simmer for about 5-10 more minutes, stirring regularly. Keep it on very low heat and do not boil.
Remove from heat. Add Parmesan cheese; stir to combine. Season with additional salt, pepper, and sugar, to taste.
Serve sauce with pasta, and garnish with additional Parmesan and fresh herbs, as desired.