Adjust the oven rack to the lowest position. Preheat oven to 350°F.
Pat the pork dry with paper towels, and season liberally with salt and pepper. Sprinkle with rosemary and garlic powder.
Heat 2 tablespoons of olive oil in a large (about 12-14 inch) oven-safe skillet over medium-high heat until just smoking. Add the pork to the skillet and brown on all sides, about 8-10 minutes total. Transfer the pork to a plate.
Leave the pan over medium-high heat and add the wine to the pan, stirring to scrape up any browned bits. Lower the heat to medium-low and add the butter, syrup, apples, onion, and additional salt and pepper to taste. Cook until the apples and onions start to soften, about 7-8 minutes.
Remove the skillet from the heat. Nestle the tenderloins and any accumulated juices into the apple mixture.
Place the skillet in the oven and bake until the pork registers 140-145°F, about 15-20 minutes.
Remove the pork to a cutting board, tent with foil, and let rest for 5 minutes. Stir the cider vinegar into the apple mixture, and then taste and season with additional salt and pepper if desired.
Slice the pork into ½-inch thick rounds and serve with the apples.